Keep the heat in and the cold out, or vice versa!
One of the first steps in converting a bus into a camper is insulating. You can go as far as you want in this but whatever you do a van remains a snack box and will cool down at night and warm up in the sun anyway.
Our bus is insulated on average and retains its heat reasonably well, even if it is not in direct sunlight, the temperatures in summer are pleasant.
We used 3cm PIR insulation boards for the floor and ceiling, for the walls we chose 3cm/6cm rockwool and a vapor barrier, depending on where in the bus. Armaflex is also very easy to work with, but we have no experience with this ourselves.
TIP: In addition, we have 2 fans for the summer and a Planar Diesel heater for the winter.